Side Effects
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Ixta: What better way to destroy your enemies than to let them destroy themselves?
- Doctor Who: The Aztecs, Season 1 Episode 27 (1964) Travel back in time to about a decade ago: I had just finished researching an extensive paper on cytokines. Cytokines are small proteins that travel between cells in the body and help the cells communicate. Basically, they are sent out by one cell to tell another cell to do something or to stop doing something. They are important in perhaps all bodily functions, and are especially known to be important in the immune system. The immune system, as we know, is fairly important for everyone who has a body because it helps us fight off diseases, cancer, and other bad stuff. The immune system can also over-react on us, attacking our own cells and causing auto-immune diseases like lupus and rheumatoid arthritis. One section of my paper focused on some of the then-new medications that blocked the actions of cytokines. These medications held great promise for helping people with painful inflammatory disease like rheumatoid arthritis. Funny enough, though, one sentence in my paper: “however, these proteins have other functions, some of which may yet be unknown, and therefore the side effects of blocking them might be too dangerous to approve their use,” translated to a very real situation only a few months later. Turns out, my friend Mary had started taking one of these new medications and found that it relieved a lot of her arthritis pain. Unfortunately, while she was happily finding relief, some other patients were developing serious infections because the drug was pretty much doing what it was intended to do: suppressing their immune systems -- but not just the over-reactive part of their immune systems. Instead, it was suppressing everything, so that they could not fight off bacterial threats that most of us, with healthy immune systems, don’t even notice. The company that produced the medication apparently only focused on the one function that could make them money. The other stuff was relegated to the fine print of possible side effects. The result was that the drug was recalled and Mary could no longer get it. Seriously, if ever I wished for some good comprehensive scientific research that led to a useful solution to a problem -- instead of to false hopes and more problems -- it was definitely then. And speaking of creating at least as many problem as it solves, corporate-funded research has another worrisome trend that is beginning to take hold in university research as well: the rush to patent every discovered process, molecule, diagnostic test, and even snippets of human DNA that are significant in diseases.
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